What is the primary function of strategic surface-to-air missiles (SAMs)?

The primary function of strategic surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) is to deny entry into geographic areas. This is accomplished by creating an effective defensive perimeter against enemy aircraft, thereby securing airspace and preventing hostile forces from penetrating a designated territory. Strategic SAMs are designed to target and neutralize airborne threats such as bombers and reconnaissance aircraft, which is crucial for maintaining air superiority and protecting vital installations.

The other options, while related to military operations, do not accurately describe the specific capabilities and intent behind strategic SAM deployments. Engaging tactical ground forces typically falls outside the operational scope of SAMs, which are primarily focused on aerial threats rather than direct ground engagements. Conducting bombing missions is a function of air assets rather than surface-to-air systems and does not align with the defensive nature of SAMs. Likewise, while SAMs may indirectly support air-to-air combat by ensuring a controlled airspace, the main purpose is clearly defined as denying air access to adversarial forces.