What type of warfare focuses on the manipulation of adversaries' perception?

The focus on manipulating adversaries' perceptions is a key characteristic of information warfare. This form of warfare involves using information as a strategic asset to influence decision-making processes among adversaries and audiences. It encompasses a range of tactics, including psychological operations, deception, and misinformation, aimed at shaping perceptions to gain an upper hand in conflicts.

Information warfare is particularly important in modern conflicts, where the impact of information flows, such as social media and traditional media, can significantly alter public opinion, morale, and the overall outcome of military engagements.

While new generation warfare, asymmetric warfare, and hybrid warfare incorporate various elements of manipulation and strategic deception, they do not focus specifically on the dimension of perception as a primary tactic. New generation warfare often emphasizes the integration of state and non-state actors and the use of unconventional tactics. Asymmetric warfare highlights the disparity between opposing forces, often focusing on guerrilla tactics and unconventional methods. Hybrid warfare blends traditional and unconventional methods but is broader in scope than information warfare.