Which MASINT collector is designed to observe ballistic missile flights?

The RC-135S Cobra Ball is specifically designed for the collection of data related to missile flight tests, particularly ballistic missiles. This aircraft serves a unique role in monitoring and gathering intelligence on the trajectory and performance characteristics of missile systems being tested by potential adversaries. Equipped with advanced sensors and reconnaissance capabilities, the Cobra Ball can provide critical information that informs strategic defense decisions.

Other options, although they have their own specialized surveillance roles, do not focus primarily on observing ballistic missile flights. The RC-135V/W Rivet Joint, for instance, is primarily utilized for signals intelligence, intercepting and analyzing enemy communications rather than tracking missile launches. Meanwhile, the RC-135U (Combat Sent) focuses on electronic intelligence by monitoring and collecting data from foreign radar systems. The AWACS radar system is designed for airborne early warning and control, providing situational awareness but not specifically tailored for tracking missile trajectories. This specialization in collecting flight data from ballistic missiles underlines why the RC-135S Cobra Ball is the correct choice.